Tornado and hurricane intensity scales — EF and Saffir-Simpson ratings by wind speed, and the damage each brings.
| Tornado Rating | Wind Speed | Damage |
|---|---|---|
| EF-0 | 65-85 mph | ”Minor” damage. Shingles blown off or parts of a roof peeled off. Damage to gutters/siding. Branches broken off trees. Shallow rooted trees toppled. |
| EF-1 | 86-110 mph | ”Moderate” damage. More significant roof damage. Windows broken, exterior doors damaged or lost. Mobile homes overturned or badly damaged. |
| EF-2 | 111-135 mph | ”Considerable” damage. Roofs torn off well-constructed homes. Homes shifted off their foundation. Mobile homes completely destroyed. Large trees snapped or uprooted. Cars can be tossed. |
| EF-3 | 136-165 mph | ”Severe” damage. Entire stories of well-constructed homes destroyed. Significant damage to large buildings. Homes with weak foundations can be blown away. Trees begin to lose their bark. |
| EF-4 | 166-200 mph | ”Extreme” damage. Well-constructed homes are leveled. Cars are thrown significant distances. Top story exterior walls of masonry buildings would likely collapse. |
| EF-5 | 201+ mph | ”Massive/incredible” damage. Well-constructed homes are swept away. Steel-reinforced concrete structures are critically damaged. High-rise buildings sustain severe structural damage. Trees are usually completely debarked, stripped of branches and snapped. |
| Hurricane Rating | Wind Speed | Storm Surge | Damage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 74-95 mph | 4-5 ft | ”Minor” damage. Unanchored mobile homes, vegetation and signs. |
| 2 | 96-110 mph | 6-8 ft | ”Moderate” damage. All mobile homes, roofs, small crafts, flooding. |
| 3 | 111-130 mph | 9-12 ft | ”Extensive” damage. Small buildings, low-lying roads cut off |
| 4 | 131-155 mph | 13-18 ft | ”Extreme” damage. Roofs destroyed, trees down, roads cut off, mobile homes destroyed. Beach homes flooded. |
| 5 | 155+ mph | Over 18 ft | ”Catastrophic” damage. Most buildings destroyed. Vegetation destroyed. Major roads cut off. Homes flooded. |
